VARIOUS QUESTIONS GIVEN ON THE ATTACHED INSTRUCTION

Introduction to Criminal Justice

***** Instructions: Please respond to the following prompts as thoroughly as possible. Each response should be at least 150 words, and observe all standard rules of grammar, sentence structure, mechanics, punctuation, and syntax. Citations and direct are permitted, but do not count toward your 150-word requirement.

This is due by Thursday, November 19th at noon. A 10% deduction will be applied for improper formatting.

1. 1. List and define the five basic purposes of policing in a democratic society and give examples where appropriate or necessary.

2. 2. Explain the main elements of police organization and management. Compare and contrast line operations and staff operations, giving examples of each. Define the key elements of a police organization chart including chain of command, unity of command, and span of control.

3. 3. During the Industrial Era, prisons intended to capitalize on the labor of convicts by using them as laborers in the community. Define and describe three of the six different systems of inmate labor in use in the early 20th century.

4. 4. While the stated goal of selective incapacitation is to avoid incarcerating offenders who could be better served through other sanctions, many states are implementing it as a way to deal with budgetary challenges. What possible conflicts could arise if states prioritize budgetary concerns over the other goals of selective incapacitation? What problems are created by the high rate of false positives, and how might these impact society?

5. 5. List and explain, in detail, some of the key advantages and disadvantages of probation and parole.

6. 6. Describe three of the most significant Supreme Court decisions made since the 1970’s that provide the legal framework for probation and parole supervision.

7. 7. Explain the prison subculture, the concept of prisonization, and the evolution of prison subculture.

8. 8. What is gender responsiveness? Why is it an important issue in corrections? Explain two of the National Institute of Corrections (“NIC”) recommendations regarding gender responsiveness in prison.

9. 9. During the 21st century, several Supreme Court cases focused specifically on the types of punishments that may be imposed on juveniles convicted of homicide. List these cases and explain how juveniles who have been convicted of homicide may be sentenced in light of these decisions.

10. 1o. Compare and the juvenile justice system and the adult criminal case process. List and explain two similarities and four differences between them.